Schneider, Friedrich; Williams, Colin - 2021
High tax rates have led to shadow economy worth over £150 billion in UKSummary:Measurement of the shadow economy is …. Surveys typically understate the size of the shadow economy but econometric techniques can now be used to obtain a much better … understanding of its size.The shadow economy constitutes approximately 10 per cent of GDP in the UK; about 14 per cent in Nordic …