The Digital Development Dialogue (3D) seminar is a monthly 45-minute online forum for policy and research exchange. Two speakers – one researcher and one practitioner – touch upon key topics in development policy with the goal of stimulating a meaningful dialogue across the theory & practice...

We document the presence of significant liquidity costs in Spanish sovereign debt auctions: the larger the auctioned amounts, the lower the issuance price relative to secondary market prices. Motivated by this evidence, we characterize the optimal debt-maturity management problem of a government...

This essay studies China’s bond market development by reviewing the main characteristics of the onshore market and important liberalization steps. It also describes recent trends in debt portfolio investment flows into China by non-resident investors. The simple theoretical framework for push...

Do sanctions strengthen the targeted regime? I analyze the 2014 imposition of Western sanctions on Russia and its impact on voting. The United States and the European Union introduced targeted measures against Russian entities and individuals related to President Putin’s regime. Using polling...

The conference will feature once more an impressive academic line-up and, as last year, will be in virtual format. The three conference sessions will tackle issues related to monetary policy, credit and financial crises, the role of financial markets in monetary policy transmission as well as...

Climate change is one of the greatest economic challenges of our time. Given the scale of the problem, the question of whether a carbon tax should be introduced is hotly-debated in policy circles. This paper studies the design of a carbon tax when environmental factors, such as air...

Highly interconnected global supply chains make countries vulnerable to supply chain disruptions. In this paper, we estimate the macroeconomic effects of global supply chain shocks for the euro area. Our empirical model combines business cycle variables with data from international container...

We invite academics and professionals to submit papers related to derivative markets and products. The conference will feature a special issue of the Journal of Futures Markets.

This paper investigates whether foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows are higher in countries ruled by trustworthy-looking or competent-looking leaders. After collecting pictures of 276 nondemocratic leaders in office between 1975 and 2010, we use a computer-based survey to assess how these...

The ECB Forum on Central Banking brings together central bank governors, academics, financial market representatives, journalists and others to exchange views on current policy issues and discuss the Forum’s key topic from a longer-term perspective. At this year’s Forum we will consider the...