An approximation for the bias function of the maximum likelihood estimate of a latent variable for the general case where the item responses are discrete

The bias function of the maximum likelihood estimate of ability for the dichotomous response level

Samejima, Fumiko, (1993)

Some critical observations of the test information function as a measure of local accuracy in ability estimation

Samejima, Fumiko, (1994)

Efficient nonparametric approaches for estimating the operating characteristics of discrete item responses

Samejima, Fumiko, (1998)