Differential Evolution-Based Algorithm for Congestion Management in a Deregulated Environment

In a restructured electricity market environment, the competition in the production and consumption of electric energy leads to the transmission network operating at or beyond one or more transfer limits. In such a situation, the system gets congested, resulting in an increase in the cost of electricity, putting the system security as well as reliability in danger. The selection of generators to reschedule their output for effective management of congestion is a crucial task for the system operator. This paper presents a Differential Evolution (DE)-based active power flow contribution factor method for the selection and rescheduling of active power output in order to relieve congestion