Examining Diet Quality and Body Mass Index in Rural Areas Using a Quantile Regression Framework

Under- and overeating (based on calories) are different problems than being under- and overweight (based on BMI); they thus require different economic prescriptions. To study these differences, I use a quantile regression method that allows an examination of covariate effects at different points in the distribution. The examination focuses on differences in rural and urban areas, and also in characteristics such as education, age, and other economic, demographic and behavior variables. Results suggest that policy in rural areas and the South must emphasize recommendations based on dietary guidelines. I also find that the characteristics typical of rural areas have a large effect regardless of the region.