Technopoles of the World : The Making of Twenty-First-Century Industrial Complexes
Technopoles are (usually) planned developments seeking to establish, in a concentrated area, innovative high-technology industry and related production, often resulting from cooperation between public and private sectors. They are promoted by governments, often in association with universities and the private companies that will occupy the resulting spaces. The function of the technopole is to create the basic materials of the informational economy. The authors assess how well these technopoles perform as engines of economic development and organizers of new industrial space. Technopoles result from three historical processes: (1) technological revolution based on information technologies; (2) increasing globalization of capital, management, labor, technology, information, or markets; and (3) the emergence of a new form of economic production and management called "informational." The core of the book is a series of 20 case studies of the success (or failures) of specific forms of territorial concentration of technological innovation with potential to create scientific synergy and economic productivity. For each, the milieux of innovation, understood as the social, institutional, organizational, economic, and territorial structures that provided the conditions for synergy and investment are explored. The case studies are divided into six groups. (1) Silicon Valley and Boston's Route 128 represent the "semi-planned" technopole. (2) "Science cities" are pure research complexes with few or no direct links to local or regional industry. These are Akademgorodok (Siberia), Taedok (Korea), and Tsukuba and Kansai (Japan). (3) The three "technology parks," Hsinchu (Taiwain), Sophia-Antipolis (France), and Cambridge (UK) are area dominated by high-tech companies in whose development state agencies and universities were heavily involved. (4) The Japanese technology development program was a national initiative to create 26 technopoles spread over the country. (5) Some larger metropolitan areas have had leading technological roles. Older ones are London, Paris, and Tokyo, whereas the newer ones are Munich and Los Angeles. (6) Finally, Seville (Spain) and Adelaide (Australia) are technopoles in the early planning stage (at time of writing) and demonstrate the role of politics in the planning of such sites. For each case study the authors tell the story of its emergence, the historical development of the site, location characteristics, degree and type of government involvement, extent of integration into surrounding regional economy, successes or failures. The final two chapters provide a theoretical summary of the processes leading to technopoles and address critical issues shedding light on the genesis, structure, and outcomes of the innovative milieux. There are three motives for establishing technopoles: reindustrialization, regional development, and creation of synergy. The development of synergy and innovative milieux involves some aspect of a "statist corporate" as opposed to American "private corporate" model. Universities have played a fundamental role in the establishment of technopoles, but they must remain autonomous. The synergistic effects also depend on forms of social organization, networks, and institutional support. It may take 20 to 30 years for full effects to be seen. Finally, some implications for policy makers are offered. Setting priorities is critical. The nation's position on the learning curve, the availability of well-educated labor, and ability of the state to promote basic and applied research must be assessed. Twelve pointers for policy are summed up in 12 aphorisms. (TNM)
Year of publication: |
2015
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Authors: | Castells, Manuel ; Hall, Peter |
Publisher: |
[S.l.] : SSRN |
Description of contents: | Abstract [papers.ssrn.com] |
Saved in:
Extent: | 1 Online-Ressource |
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Type of publication: | Book / Working Paper |
Language: | English |
Notes: | In: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign's Academy for Entrepreneurial Leadership Historical Research Reference in Entrepreneurship Nach Informationen von SSRN wurde die ursprüngliche Fassung des Dokuments 1994 erstellt Volltext nicht verfügbar |
Source: | ECONIS - Online Catalogue of the ZBW |
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014202032
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