Poutvaara, Panu; Priks, Mikael - In: Journal of Public Economics 93 (2009) 3-4, pp. 403-411
This paper isolates the causal effect of policing on group violence, using unique panel data on self-reported crime by … soccer and ice hockey hooligans. The problem of reverse causality from violence to policing is solved by two drastic …-related hooligan violence increased dramatically during these periods. …