Kleimann, David; Poitiers, Niclas; Sapir, André; … - 2023
this and a blow to the international trading system that could trigger protectionism in other countries. The expected IRA … EU subsidies remain far larger. However, there are important qualitative differences. Some IRA subsidies discriminate … against foreign producers while EU subsidies do not. IRA clean-tech subsidies are simpler and less fragmented, and they focus …