Grossman, Hershel I.; Gershenson, Dmitry - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 2000
The Soviet ruling elite, the nomenklatura, used both cooption and political repression to encourage loyalty to the … and the intensity of political repression by equating their perceived marginal benefits and marginal costs. We use this … assumption to construct an account of the historical evolution of policies of cooption and political repression in the Soviet …