Ikhsan, Ikhsan; Amri, Khairul - In: Cogent economics & finance 10 (2022) 1, pp. 1-18
’ NFS. Thirdly, the Granger causality test pointed out that there is one-way causality from electrification to rural poverty … causal relationship between the variables. The econometric model is a panel cointegration test, panel VECM, and Granger … causality tests. The study pointed out three main findings. Firstly, there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between rural …