Schulze, Eberhard; Tillack, Peter; Patlassov, Oleg - 2002
in Russia five earning ratios can be distinguished: the gross profit, the profit on sales, the profit before taxes, the … profit on ordinary activity, and the net profit. The gross profit and the profit on sales are similar for all tested … enterprises. Therefore, in this article only the gross profit, or the profitability of the gross profit are discussed. For the …