Deville, Aude; Ferrier, Gary D.; Leleu, Hervé - IÉSEG School of Management, Université Catholique de Lille - 2009
We extend the standard frontier efficiency models (data envelopment analysis [DEA] and stochastic frontier analysis [SFA]) by allowing the “decision making units” (DMUs) whose performances are assessed to consist of two different levels within hierarchical organizations. Generally, the lower...