Canuto, Otaviano; Mohapatra, Sanket; Ratha, Dilip - 2012
, the three international credit rating agencies. This premise presents an exercise to predict 'shadow' sovereign ratings to …Sovereign ratings are a necessary condition for countries to fully access international capital. Even if the sovereign … government is not issuing bonds, the sovereign rating often acts as a 'ceiling' for the private sector and can influence its …