Adams, P.W.R.; Shirley, J.E.J.; McManus, M.C. - In: Applied Energy 138 (2015) C, pp. 367-380
Torrefaction is a thermal pre-treatment process for upgrading raw biomass into a more energy dense fuel. Torrefied biomass is combined with a densification process to increase its bulk density similar to conventional wood-pelleting production. This paper identifies the significant environmental...