Leitner, Sandra M.; Dachs, Bernhard; Stehrer, Robert - 2012 - Version: June 2012
In recent years, firms have considerably decentralized their research and development (R&D) activities. Subsidiaries of … foreign multinational enterprises (MNEs) are now among the top performers of R&D in many EU and non-EU countries. Specifically …, MNE affiliates account for around 20% of total business R&D in France, Germany and Italy; between 30% and 50% in Canada …