tasks that produce unobservable outputs as they seek the salient rewards to observable outputs. Since the theory related to … incented output (quantity) at the expense of the non-incented one (quality) as a result of a piece rate bonus scheme … compared to those under a piece rate base salary. While the incentives result in a large increase in quantity and a sharp …

While the global economy continues to grow, ecosystem services tend to stagnate or decline. Economic theory has shown … empirical evidence has been sparse to put theory into practice. To estimate the relative price change in ecosystem services that …. In an application to natural capital valuation of forest ecosystem services by the World Bank, we show that public forest …

Knut Wicksell's concept of the natural (or neutral) rate of interest, introduced between the end of the 19th and … hypothesis by Larry Summers and others has brought to the fore the notion of a negative natural rate of interest, in the sense … paper investigates whether the negative natural rate of interest may be found in Wicksell. It also examines in what extent …

family planning by utilizing a natural experiment in the German Democratic Republic during the period of German division. I …

The "natural" in the natural rate of unemployment is a misnomer, insofar as unemployment does not occur in nature. The … creative restructuring of that market our aim should be bring the underemployment rate down to 1.2%, the rate that obtained in … 1944 and which probably represents the lower bound rate physically attainable. Instead of the prevailing system, the right …

economics through a simple representation of Ricardo's economic theory of the falling rate of profit (i.e., the stationary state … ecological macroeconomics, namely the impact of global warming and ecological or natural crises, the depletion of non … natural gas, etc.); (b) to evaluate the institutional conditions that must be met to make the energy transition from fossil …

. Measuring environmentally adjusted multi-factor productivity (EAMFP) can highlight the contribution of natural capital to … economic development and the negative impact of pollutants on economic development. This paper incorporated natural capital and … growth is the largest for lower-middle income countries, which indicates that current rate of economic growth is achieved at …

liquidity & interest rate discovery; (6) role of interest rates; (7) an optimal rate of interest: the natural rate … interest rates?; (2) relationship of interest rates; (3) composition of interest rates; (4) interest rate discovery; (5) bank …