The Mashreq region and, in particular, the countries of Iraq, Jordan, and Lebanon are facing major policy and fiscal challenges to growth and job creation. The Maximizing Finance for Development (MFD) approach aims to optimize the relationship between the public and the private sector.It would...

Guided by the 2014 Strategic Framework for Mainstreaming Citizen Engagement in World Bank Group Operations, the World Bank supports policies, programs, projects, and advisory services and analytics where citizen engagement (CE) can improve development results. While the corporate commitment to...

Growing evidence confirms that citizen engagement is key to improving the delivery and quality of public services, management of public finances, and to promoting social inclusion, resulting in tangible improvements in people’s lives. The advent and availability of new technologies provide new...

The United Nations and World Bank jointly urge a shift away from managing crises toward prevention through inclusive and collective interventions (United Nations and World Bank 2018). Collaborative social accountability—a process where citizens and civil society actors engage with state actors...

Research on citizens as drivers of change and recent reports from the World Bank can inform its citizen engagement mandate. This governance note seeks to contribute to improving the World Bank's entry points for citizen engagement by operationalizing findings on social organizations from the...

Transparency and accountability in sector governance are basic and essential requirements to leverage the extractives (oil, gas, and mining) sector as an engine of economic growth in fragility, conflict, and violence (FCV) affected settings. Enabling them involves two vital steps. Transparency...

The importance of ensuring access to justice is universally acknowledged as a global priority. A system that does not ensure effective access leaves citizens in situations where they are unable to exercise their fundamental rights and protect their best interests. The European Union (EU) places...

Skilled and motivated personnel are arguably the most important determinant of an effective government. How does a government recruit the best and the brightest? This Governance Note examines different approaches to recruiting through career- and position-oriented systems; measuring knowledge...