Despite progress in addressing key fiscal weaknesses in many countries, significant policy challenges remain in advanced, emerging, and low-income economies, and must be faced in an environment where downside risks to growth have increased. Many advanced economies face very large adjustment...

Since its introduction in 2011, tax arbitration has become an important element of the Portuguese justice system. In this article, the author examines its main features, its impact on VAT litigation and the growing use of tax arbitration as a fast track to the Court of Justice of the European...

Drawing on an expanded data set covering emerging markets and low-income countries as well as advanced economies, this issue examines the extent and makeup of global debt and asks what role fiscal policy can play in facilitating the adjustment. The analytical framework explicitly models the...