Sustainable development policies of the Black Sea Region is vital to European Union given increasing environmental disturbances by dynamic and heterogenous factors across the enclave beginning from 1990s. This study assesses long run asymmetric effect of urbanization, energy consumption and...

The global community has seen the existential threat of climate change caused by rising carbon dioxide emissions. But arising out of the 2015 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals is the call for a shift to clean energy technologies. The EU has set its targets to reach climate-neutrality...