As the Indonesian economy is becoming progressively more integrated with the global economy, the impact of global economic shocks on the domestic economy is becoming more pronounced. Capital inflows, which trigger excessive liquidity and exacerbate the risk of a sudden reversal, pose a serious...

This paper tests the extent to which convergence has been occurring between EU member states in the sources of funding for investment by non-financial corporations. The evidence from time series on 9 EU member countries during 1971-1996 suggests that bank lending (credit) remains the most...

The paper investigates the possibility of convergence in the European Union (EU) in terms of the patterns of corporate financing by banks, bond markets, and stock markets; and in the context of whether the economies are converging towards an Anglo-Saxon (capital-market-oriented) or a continental...