We provide a procedure to identify the number of latent factors of stochastic volatility models. The methodology relies on the non-parametric Fourier estimation method introduced by [Malliavin and Mancino, 2002] and applies to high-frequency data. Based on the Fourier analysis, we first estimate...

Financial crises prediction is an essential topic in finance. Designing an efficient Early Warning System (EWS) can help prevent catastrophic losses resulting from financial crises. We propose an EWS for predicting potential market instability conditions under which perturbations in the price...

We analyze the behaviour of the realized volatility (RV) estimator under liquidity effects. The liquidity is measured by the impact of the trading volume on the asset price. We find that this estimator is inconsistent but convergent in probability. Motivated by this fact, we propose a new...

We analyze the economic benefits of several covariance estimation approaches on a tactical asset-allocation problem in the presence of high-frequency return data. Our analysis confirms that the use of robust-to-noise and asynchronicity estimators not only gives statistically more accurate...

The Black-Litterman (BL) model has been proposed as a valid solution to the problem of the estimation error in the mean-variance (MV) model. However, very little research has been done in order to empirically test the performance of the model. The paper contributes to the existing literature by...

This paper proposes two new variability measures for categorical data. The first variability measure is obtained as one minus the square root of the sum of the squares of the relative frequencies of the different categories. The second measure is obtained by standardizing the first measure. The...

We present a general framework for measuring the liquidity risk. The theoretical framework defines risk measures that incorporate the liquidity risk into the standard risk measures. We consider a one-period risk measurement model. The liquidity risk is defined as the risk that a security or a...

This paper studies arbitrage pricing theory in financial markets with implicit transaction costs. We extend the existing theory to include the more realistic possibility that the price at which the investors trade is dependent on the traded volume. The investors in the market always buy at the...

In addition to giving a detailed description and explanation of the Black–Litterman (BL) model, this paper deals with estimation of the parameter tau. This parameter is the most mysterious one in the BL model, as the literature does not provide specific guidance on its calibration....