Deep energy decarbonization requires a shift in the materials used in energy technologies, or energy technology materials (ETMs). While many existing ETM studies are motivated by perceived supply chain vulnerabilities, the effect of changing demand on exporters of materials is relatively less...

Improving energy efficiency (EE) is vital to ensure a sustainable, affordable, and secure energy system. The residential sector represents, on average, 18.6% of the total final energy consumption in the OECD countries in 2018, reaching 29.5% in the U.K. (IEA, 2020a). Using a staggered...

There are over 650 million people in Africa who have no access to electricity; this is in sharp contrast to the continent’s vast untapped renewable energy potential and reflected by the lack of investments in energy infrastructure. New investments in decentralised power generation within...

This study offers the first consistent attempt to identify how energy sector decarbonization policies have affected the energy mix over the past four decades across more than 100 developing countries. It applies systematic regression analysis to five energy sector decarbonization outcomes and...

Expert elicitations are frequently used to characterize future technology outcomes. However their usefulness is limited, in part because: estimates across studies are not easily comparable; choices in survey design and expert selection may bias results; and over-confidence is a persistent...