The slow-down in productivity and income over the past decade has weakened the European Union’s output legitimacy, which is grounded in delivering prosperity to its citizens. At the same time, decreasing growth reduces the capacity of governments to maintain existing levels of welfare...

European integration is endangered by rising fears of sovereign default. Against this background, assessing the economic impacts attached to the Single Market is crucial to measuring the overall benefits provided by the European Union to its citizens. Over the last thirty years, substantial...

Le droit de douane collecté rapporté à la valeur des importations permet d'estimer un taux de droit appliqué tenant compte de l'usage fait de toutes les composantes de la tarification. Cet équivalent ad-valorem intègre en effet les dimensions complexes des droits de douanes, les mesures...

Relating the collected customs duty to the value of imports enables to estimate a rate of applied duty that takes into account all the pricing components and their utilisation. Indeed, this ad-valorem equivalent integrates the complex dimensions of customs duties, the measures of exemption and...

<heading id="h1" level="1" implicit="yes" format="display">ABSTRACT</heading> Relating the collected customs duty to the value of imports enables the estimation of a rate of applied duty that takes into account all pricing components and their use. Indeed, this ad valorem equivalent integrates the complex dimensions of customs duties, the measures of exemption...