The research reported here builds on our earlier work on sex differences in the allocation of effort. In our earlier analysis of data from a repre- sentative sample of the working population (Bielby and Bielby 1985), we found that women allocate significantly more effort to work than do men with...

It is well known that only ratios of lambda coefficients are identified from moments among measured variables in most covariance structure models with latent variables. Typically, researchers establish a metric for latent variables by fixing the lambda coefficient for an arbitrarily selected...