We document the outcomes of every withdrawn U.S. IPO (994) from 1998 to 2011. While prior literature has studied post-withdrawal IPO re-filings and M&A outcomes, one in three firms subsequently raises private capital. Presuming that capital needs motivate most IPOs, firms in need of cash should...

While existing research shows that a large number of IPOs are withdrawn from registration, little is known regarding the fates of those firms. This study documents capital market activities and corporate outcomes for 588 withdrawn IPOs between 1999 and 2004. We find that 13% of withdrawing...

This study examines how the decisions that issuers and their investment banks make about IPO pricing are affected by the value of deals in registration, measured at the aggregate, industry and bank level both as of the filing date and the offering date (in order to identify changes in the IPO...

Measures of geographic distance are often used to proxy for the impact of spatial separation on firm decisions and performance. We develop a construct, dyad travel time, to measure the friction of interacting and costs of uncertainty from ex post behavioral monitoring across non-collocated...