Firms sometimes collude by agreeing on increases in list prices. Yet, the efficacy of such list price collusion is subject to discussion as colluding firms might, in principle, deviate secretly from the elevated prices by granting their customers discounts. This article reviews cases of list...

A vertical merger model represents a complex system built on (i) a network of e.g., upstream manufacturers and downstream retailers (ii) who bargain bilaterally in the presence of externalities (iii) created by competition between downstream retailers (iv) facing a consumer demand surface. We...

The declaration of a state of national disaster in South Africa, due to the Covid-19 pandemic, was followed by pricing regulations pertaining to the pricing and supply of certain consumer and medical products and services. The regulations raise several questions that relate to the economic...

This research note identifies the period when South African prices began to move in unison with those of the country's lead trading partner. We find that South African wheat prices started reflecting UK trends soon after the discovery of diamonds and gold in the interior of the country. The...

Introduction -- Part I - Looking Back: What Do We Know About the South African Business Cycle? -- The South African Economy in the Twentieth Century -- Part II - The Financial Crisis and Its Impact on the Cycle: Business Cycle Recoveries - A Comparative View -- The Role of Institutional...