As well as the technical design criteria, the performance of a stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system depends on other variables, such as the solar radiation distribution and load profile. Different load profiles are encountered in stand-alone PV applications. Load profiles may vary from 24-h...

This article presents a simplified algorithm to estimate the yearly wind fraction, the fraction of energy demand provided by wind generator, in a hybrid-wind system (typically a PV-wind) with battery storage. The novel model is drawn based on the simulation results, using 8-year long measured...

This paper presents a simplified algorithm to estimate the monthly performance of autonomous small-scale wind energy systems with battery storage. The novel model is drawn based on the simulation results, using eight-year long hour-by-hour measured wind speed data from five different locations...

Three functions have so far predominantly been used for fitting the measured wind speed probability distribution in a given location over a certain period of time, typically monthly or yearly. In the literature, it is common to fit these functions to compare which one fits the measured...

A general methodology is presented to estimate the monthly average daily energy output from photovoltaic energy systems. Energy output is estimated from synthetically generated solar radiation data. The synthetic solar radiation data are generated based on the cumulative frequency distribution...

The yearly system performance of autonomous photovoltaic–wind hybrid energy systems with battery storage is the subject of this article. The yearly system performance is simulated using synthetically generated solar radiation and wind speed data and compared to that simulated using measured...