The use of observational methods remains common in program evaluation. How much should we trust these studies, which lack clear identifying variation? We propose adjusting confidence intervals to incorporate the uncertainty due to observational bias. Using data from 44 development RCTs with...

The use of observational methods remains common in program evaluation. How much should we trust these studies, which lack clear identifying variation? We propose adjusting confidence intervals to incorporate the uncertainty due to observational bias. Using data from 44 development RCTs with...

It is argued that construction is an important sector of the Welsh economy in terms of employment, wages and growth. Key competence and capacity issues have arisen, however, due to large contracting firms concentrating on core activities and subcontracting peripheral activities to Small...

Commercial aerospace is a key sector in the Welsh economy, engaged in complex overlapping activities from aircraft manufacture (AM), through maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO), to research, development and training (RDT). Defining and operationalizing a framework for analysis using both...

[...]We recommend that a study incorporating our suggested refinements should now take place into a furthergroup of sectors of interest to policy makers to test further the framework and any improvements builtinto it.[...]