Conventional assumptions in the classical linear city of Hotelling, the workhorse model in media economics, are (i) that no consumer buys more than one of the goods (they are singlehomers) and (ii) that the market is covered. We relax both assumptions and analyze how exclusive and non-exclusive...

Competition between firms that sell incompatible varieties of network products might be fierce, because it is important for each of them to attract a large number of users. The literature therefore predicts that stronger network effects decrease prices and profits. We show that this prediction...

Individual retailers may choose to invest in a substitute to a dominant supplier’s products (inside option) as a way of improving its position towards the supplier. Given that a large retailer has stronger investment incentives than a smaller rival, the large retailer may obtain a selective...