Greiner, D. James; Rubin, Donald B. - In: The Review of Economics and Statistics 93 (2011) 3, pp. 775-785
Despite their ubiquity, observational studies to infer the causal effect of a so-called immutable characteristic, such as race or sex, have struggled for coherence, given the unavailability of a manipulation analogous to a “treatment” in a randomized experiment and the danger of...