This paper develops a model of electoral targeting in multi-party systems. Seat-share maximizing parties can use policy transfers to win votes by 1) converting undecided voters, 2) mobilizing loyal supporters, or 3) lowering the turn-out of voters loyal to other parties. The model allows for the...

This paper proposes several improvements to the literature on how political parties target distributive bene ts to core and swing voters for electoral gain. I propose a conceptual rede nition of core and swing voters to extend their applicability to the analysis of multi-party systems. Instead...