Using the China General Social Survey data, we tried to examine the impact of gender roles on women’s labor market outcomes. We find that traditional gender roles emphasizing women’s responsibility for housework are negatively related to the employment rate and earnings of women. Although...

Accurate soil class maps provide an important basis for agricultural decision-making and land degradation control. In soil classification practices, the various environmental covariates are often selected based on the SCORPAN framework. Since the mapping area and available observation data are...

Proof-of-Stake consensus algorithm solves major drawbacks of PoW blockchain network including high energy consumption and low transaction capacity. However, PoS still faces centralization problems like PoW. In this paper, we propose an economic framework for PoS blockchain network based on...

Financial constraint is a major obstacle for firm growth, especially in developing countries where credit is scarce. This paper explores the role of tax policy in relaxing firms' financial constraints by exploiting the exogenous shocks from China's value-added tax (VAT) reform in 2009. We find...

This paper analyzes PoW blockchain network's long-term cost ef- ficiency and short-term stability. Our equilibrium model builds upon the optimization problems of blockchain users and miners, and allows us to simultaneously determine token price, network hashrate, and user transaction fee. We...