Mechanical correlation bias is inherent in audit pricing studies when independent variables (X) are derived from firm level audit fees (Y); a form of endogeneity which appears not to have been addressed fully in the extant literature. Such variables are endogenous by construction leading to...

This report tracks venture capital and private equity investment activities (equity finance) that have funded and supported innovative and growing business in the UK over the past decade (2011-2022). The latter period, of course, includes the pandemic and perhaps the largest ever collapse in UK...

Recent studies determining the effect of audit market competition on firm level audit fees have developed novel measures of an audit firm’s relative competitive position. Numan and Willekens (2012) find a relationship between audit fees and the ‘industry market share distance to the closest...

The lowest volumes of potential additional demand for equity funding seem to be in Wales (£0.16 - £0.3bn), the North East (£0.1bn - £0.17bn) and Northern Ireland (£0.06bn - £0.16bn).In relative terms, the highest relative demand for additional equity funding in relation to the actual stock...