Alvarado, Sergio; Maldonado, Pedro; Jaques, Iván - In: Energy 24 (1999) 4, pp. 307-316
Primary copper production is a major activity in the mining sector. It is highly energy-intensive, ranking third in specific energy consumption (SEC) among the five major basic metals (aluminum, copper, iron, lead and zinc) and poses important environmental hazards. We examine the large...