We analyze the effects of the outbreak of the Russian-Ukrainian war on the volatility in commodity and financial markets. The Russian invasion sharply raised the volatility of most assets, however, the scale of reactions was market-specific and some markets exhibited a strong tendency to return...

Although regulatory standards, currently developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, anticipate a shift from VaR to ES, the evaluation of risk models currently remains based on the VaR measure. Motivated by the Basel regulations, we address the issue of VaR backtesting and...

ARCH modelling framework of Engle (1982) and its GARCH generalization of Bollerslev (1986) gave a huge impetus to econometric model building in the field of financial time series with time-varying variance. The main idea of the models was to describe the most typical features of capital markets...

Although regulatory standards, currently developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, anticipate a shift from VaR to ES, the evaluation of risk models currently remains based on the VaR measure. Motivated by the Basel regulations, we address the issue of VaR backtesting and...

Abstract To increase the power of the VaR tests, it has been recently proposed to extend the duration-based test class with the geometric-VaR and Gini-coefficient-based tests. These tests, though exhibiting outstanding power properties, have not gained recognition in the industry. A potential...