We evaluate a political reform in Portugal that introduced individual teacher performancerelated pay and tournaments in public schools. We find that the focus on individual performance decreased student achievement, as measured in national exams, and increased grade inflation. The results follow...

The prevalence of multiple age-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors is high among individuals living in low- and middle-income countries. We described receipt of healthcare services for and management of hypertension and diabetes among individuals living with these conditions using...

Background Testing for the risk factors of cardiovascular disease, which include hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolaemia, is important for timely and effective risk management. Yet few studies have quantified and analysed testing of cardiovascular risk factors in low-income and...

This open access book pertains to the "International Conference on Cultural Tourism Advances," held on June 27 and 28, 2023, at KU Leuven, Belgium. It focuses on advancing understanding of the sustainable development potential of cultural tourism by examining successful policy interventions,...

The increasing range and quality of China's exports is a major development internationally with potentially far-reaching effects. In this paper, on top of the direct labour market effects of imports from China studied in previous research, we also measure the indirect effects stemming from...

"This publication gives a different perspective of cultural tourism with some updated theoretical frameworks of the topics in analysis, complemented with case studies, best practices and some data related to international and differentiated tourism contexts (urban, natural, rural, historical...