Motivated by the internal governance theory, we investigate the links between subordinate executives’ horizon and firm policies. Using the number of years to retirement to capture subordinate executives’ horizon inside the firm, we find that subordinates’ horizon is positively associated...

We investigate the relationship between internal governance and firms' innovation. We hypothesize that internal governance stemming from the difference in expected employment horizons between a CEO and her subordinate executives improves a firm's innovation. Using the age difference between a...

We use the introduction of two multilateral trading facilities (MTFs) to examine the impact of market fragmentation on commonality in liquidity. We find that the introduction of MTFs following the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive increases the comovement of stocks' liquidity with MTF...

We develop freedom of choice indices for 46 countries and test its influence on systematic liquidity co-movements. Country-specific indices reflect the impacts of three aspects of freedom of choice: (i) opportunity, (ii) decisional autonomy and (iii) immunity from interference. We find that...

In this article, we examine whether internal governance, the process through which subordinate managers effectively monitor the chief executive officer (CEO), can improve a firm's liquidity. Using the difference in horizons between a CEO and his immediate subordinates to measure internal...