An important gap in the literatures on global value chains (GVCs) and bottom-of-the-pyramid markets concerns how GVCs develop to serve frontier markets and what role multinational and local firms play in that process. This paper takes a first step in filling this gap by studying the evolution of...

A key finding in the literature on industry evolution and strategy is that knowledge “inherited” from the founder’s previous employer can be an important source of a new firm’s capabilities. We analyze the conditions under which knowledge that is useful for carrying out a key value chain...

When vital production knowledge is tacit and cannot be generated indigenously, entrepreneurs in developing countries have to rely on the international transfer of the knowledge through on-the-job training. Once the initial seeding of tacit knowledge occurs, mechanisms concerning its propagation...