Taxis cannot come cheap. You are driven by a professional with all the flexibility of cars minus several inconveniences. And yet … why aren’t they? Drivers will grumble about prohibitive gas prices not covering lousy fares. The root, and truth, of the matter lies in service: clients,...

The Portuguese transport system as a whole suffers from the dominance of personal transportation, this being generally less efficient. Coaches and trains struggle to stay in the business. This model explains the markets’ performance beyond price differentials, bundling the transport modes’...