The Republic of Botswana in Southern Africa has one of the fastest growing economies in Africa. However, its remotely isolated rural areas pose problems to rural energy management and development because of (i) poor road links with the urban centres, and (ii) remoteness from the national...

The paper describes two solar thermal-electrical methods to purify water by distillation. In the first method air saturated with water vapour is removed from a basin type still by using a low power exhaust fan, and is passed through a condenser where the latent heat of water vapour is used to...