Product service plays a crucial role for brands to retain customers and spur revenue growth. It is, however, often outsourced to a third-party supplier, driven by cost savings and the ability to focus on core businesses. While there is a large body of literature studying service outsourcing, the...

Reporting research and development together implies their allocation provides limited insight to investors. We construct and corroborate unique measures of development and research to evaluate this aggregation. These measures combined correlate with reported R&D expenditures at 99% (industry)...

The bike rebalancing problem is one of the major operational challenges in the urban bike-sharing system which involves the redistribution of bikes to prevent stations from being empty or overloaded. This paper investigates a new bike rebalancing problem, which considers the collection of broken...