The 2016 New York Declaration,1 for the first time in United Nations (UN) history, coalesced a diverging palette of regional and a few multilateral efforts before the UN General Assembly [.]

The study of bilateral migration agreements (BMAs) regularly pivots around the quest for a prototype agreement after which to model migration flows sustainably. Within Europe, France is predestined for such a field study, due to its unique legacy allowing to periodize the current BMA within...

The Doha Development Agenda (DDA) introduced the idea of protecting Traditional Knowledge (TK) into multilateral trade negotiations. In parallel, it discusses enhanced protection of Geographical Indications (GIs) for agricultural products, beyond the current levels of protection based upon...

Andrew Mitchell's book (“Legal Principles in WTO Disputes”) offers an account of the interplay of WTO with wider public international law viewed through the prism of principles. One part legal theory, one part case study, the book first develops a doctrinal framework for principles, which it...

International migration management lacks a formal global institution, but in its place a multi-level system of norms is taking shape. This article finds that level of skill has become a more important selection criterion than nationality in post-9/11 immigration law reforms in Europe. The result...

International economic migration is steered by the vertical interplay of migration-related agreements at three levels: the multilateral opening of labour markets in GATS mode 4, its regional replicas of preferential trade agreements and bilateral migration schemes. We observe a horizontal...

This paper presents the results of a four-year project tackling several issues relating to multilateral and preferential trade in services. One of the underlying organising principles of our research on services trade has been a presumed fault line between the innate coherence that is achieved...

Art. XI GATS prohibits any restrictions on current (payments and transfers) and capital transactions, made in connection with a GATS specific commitment, but permits exceptions in five sets of circumstances (Art. VII GATS, Art. XIV and XIVbis, prudential measures according to GATS Annex on...

This authoritative and accessible state-of-the-art reference collection maps the changing landscape of labour mobility in terms of the dialectic between state sovereignty and market-based logic, which is transforming the speed, scope and scale of transboundary migration-for-employment.Faced with...