Nitrogen (N) addition typically increases nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, but the magnitude of this effect depends on land use type and intensity. Grazing has an important influence on grassland N dynamics, but it is not clear to what extent grazing may interact with N addition in affecting...

Since 2004, two auction mechanisms – listing auctions and tender auctions – have played a dominant role in land lease arrangements for real estate development in Beijing. Listing auctions in land markets are similar to general English auctions, where bidders offer the highest price...