With the development of E-commerce and Internet, items are becoming more and more, which brings a so called information overload problem that it is hard for users to find the items they would be interested in. Recommender systems emerge to response to this problem through discovering user...

Business development or renovation is to introduce newer, more efficient routines and processes through redesign or re-engineering of businesses, which form a set of business patterns. Business patterns encapsulate the best solutions for business practices and tasks confirming business...