There are two approaches to make a management style on the basis of post-modern political and administrative system. The first approach is positive approach to create a decision-making process based on volunteer, independency, and creativity of citizen. The second one is deliberative democracy,...

This paper explores possibilities and capabilities of the two management styles, there are, lead-control type management style and empowerment one, from the viewpoint of how to create local authority management, on the basis of "the questionnaire survey regarding local authority management"...

In Japan's local authorities, management has not worked well; one of the reasons seems that they have few definite visions and values in top management. In the advanced cases of the Europe and USA, most of them apply strategic management model based on SWOT-analysis. The purpose of this article...