Rafail, Patrick; Soule, Sarah A.; McCarthy, John D. - In: Journal of Conflict Resolution 56 (2012) 4, pp. 736-765
Numerous scholars have observed a decline in more coercive police tactics used to control demonstrations since the 1960s in North America and Western Europe. Such claims, however, are largely based on rather unsystematic observation, and almost no research directly examines the evolution of...