Digital elevation models (DEMs) used in geospatial analysis like the simulation of geophysical flows, such as floods, landslides, and block and ash flows, differ in resolution, acquisition time and generation methodology, which results in varied representation of topographic features. This study...

Based on the theory of open quantum systems we derive new optical equations, more general than the conventional optical Bloch equations: new terms describing couplings of the observables through the environment and an asymmetry of the dephasing rates for the two polarization observables are...