Unlike the average trade effect estimation of foreign aid discussed in previous studies, this paper explores the trade effect evolution of foreign aid and provides some explanations for it by employing a two-step methodology: a varying-coefficient panel data gravity model and controlling for the...

Unlike the average trade effect estimation of foreign aid in previous studies, this paper explores the trade effect evolution of foreign aid and provides some explanations for it by employing a two-step methodology. By using a varying-coefficient panel data model and control for the impact of...

This paper attempts to correct and then expand traditional economic effect analysis of Export subsidy, which has previously ignored the incentive of export subsidies in terms of competition from re-importation. It is found that, compared to traditional analysis, exporting countries that...

Domestic oil tax influences not only consumer price, but also oil company's bid-ask spread and international oil price via vertically-related markets. Our empirical study found that, the domestic tax elasticity of international oil price in U.S., EU and Japan is negative, which means that...