The EU's enlargement across Central and Eastern Europe reflects the dual legitimacy structure based on European citizenship and national democracy embedded in the EU treaties. Its primary focus on the Copenhagen political criteria (rather than the economic or acquis criteria) - and in...

Several general policy implications emerged from the conferences in South Africa, Nigeria, and Egypt. First, while globalization generates overall net benefits through trade and economic development, it exacerbates income inequalities within countries, expanding the gap between the powerful...

This article discusses perspectives of leading thinkers from around the world on the impact of key global trends on their respective countries and regions. It is based on a series of 14 conferences involving experts and officials from more than two dozen countries on five continents organized by...

In Latin America, the primary concern was maintaining and enhancing economic growth, given increased competition from China and India. Traditional military security concerns were much less salient than in other regions, but there was perceived spillover risk from failed or failing states and...

The EU’s power, through its control over the Office of the High Representative, to enact laws and remove elected officials in Bosnia is generally legitimate - and paradigmatic of the EU political order based on the concept of liberal international democracy - even though certain decisions and...

The overall view that emerged from these three conferences was of a new central Asian “Great Game.” In this vast transit area between Russia and China, Russia was perceived to be the strongest, China’s influence was restricted mainly to economics, and the United States has become less...

The claim to use force to prevent a rogue state’s development of weapons of mass destruction, asserted in the 2002 US National Security Strategy, is unnecessary and therefore unlawful under customary international law. This conclusion is based on an assessment of the normative reactions of...

The International Court of Justice advisory opinion, holding that Kosovo’s declaration of independence did not violate international law, properly avoided definitive statements on the concept of remedial self-determination through unilateral secession. Notably, while the Court reserved...

One of the fundamental international law questions over the past two decades, and an integral issue for US policy, has been the structure of the United Nations Security Council. In a world of variable multipolarity, whereby changing crises demand different combinations of actors with relevant...