This paper studies the relationship between access to credit, demand shocks, and export market adjustments using firm-level panel survey data for 24 economies in the Eastern Europe and Central Asian region. The study finds that domestic shocks to demand have a significant influence on the firm's...

This paper explores the relationship between the regional business environment, lagging regions, and firm performance in four European countries: Italy, Poland, Romania, and Spain. It combines firm-level data from Orbis measuring sales, employment, productivity, and profitability, with...

Governance quality plays a key role in private sector development: competent bureaucrats not only create good policies and regulations, but also effectively implement them to shape the business environment. This paper exploit Vietnam?s decentralization of administrative tasks since the early...

Foreign banks can play an important role in facilitating international trade. Most research has focused on the financing role banks can play, but less is known about the information role. This paper estimates a gravity model using sub-regional data from Turkey between 2002 and 2010 to explore...